Add parallel port comms to arduino

This commit is contained in:
2025-09-29 18:48:11 +02:00
parent 8b434f4434
commit e20b09f130
6 changed files with 485 additions and 200 deletions

193
arduino/kbd/kbd.cc Normal file
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// keyboard wiring diagram:
// https://www.minuszerodegrees.net/5150/misc/5150_keyboard_reset.jpg
#include "Arduino.h"
constexpr int kClockPin = PC6;
constexpr int kDataPin = PC4;
constexpr int kBitDelayMicros = 100;
constexpr int kCodeDelayMicros = 200;
constexpr int kKeyDelayMicros = 100;
namespace {
void sendCode(int code) {
// preconditions: clock and data pins are INPUT
while (digitalRead(kDataPin) == LOW || digitalRead(kClockPin) == LOW) {
// wait. we're not allowed to send
}
digitalWrite(kDataPin, LOW);
digitalWrite(kClockPin, LOW);
pinMode(kClockPin, OUTPUT);
delayMicroseconds(kBitDelayMicros);
pinMode(kClockPin, INPUT);
// delayMicroseconds(kDelayMicros);
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
if ((code & (1 << i)) == 0) {
// send a 0
pinMode(kDataPin, OUTPUT);
} // else do nothing, it's already a 1
delayMicroseconds(kBitDelayMicros);
pinMode(kClockPin, OUTPUT);
delayMicroseconds(kBitDelayMicros);
pinMode(kDataPin, INPUT);
pinMode(kClockPin, INPUT);
}
delayMicroseconds(kCodeDelayMicros);
}
enum State {
kReady,
kMaybeReset,
};
constexpr int kResetDelay = 19;
constexpr int kLetterCodes[] = {
0x1E, // 'a'
0x30, 0x2E, 0x20, 0x12, 0x21, 0x22, 0x23, 0x17, 0x24,
0x25, 0x26, 0x32, 0x31, 0x18, 0x19, 0x10, 0x13, 0x1F,
0x14, 0x16, 0x2F, 0x11, 0x2D, 0x15, 0x2c,
};
constexpr int kNumberCodes[] = {
0x0B, // '0'
0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A,
};
void sendNormalCode(int code) {
sendCode(code);
sendCode(code | 0x80);
}
void sendShiftCode(int code) {
sendCode(42); // left shift
sendNormalCode(code);
sendCode(42 | 0x80);
}
void sendCtrlAltDel() {
sendCode(0x1d); // ctrl
sendCode(0x38); // alt
sendCode(0x53); // del
sendCode(0x53 | 0x80);
sendCode(0x38 | 0x80);
sendCode(0x1d | 0x80);
}
void sendCtrlBreak() {
sendCode(0x1d); // ctrl
sendCode(0x46); // break
sendCode(0x46 | 0x80);
sendCode(0x1d | 0x80);
}
} // namespace
void sendAsciiChar(int c) {
if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') {
return sendNormalCode(kLetterCodes[c - 'a']);
} else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
return sendNormalCode(kNumberCodes[c - '0']);
} else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') {
return sendShiftCode(kLetterCodes[c - 'A']);
}
switch (c) {
case '-':
return sendNormalCode(12);
case '=':
return sendNormalCode(13);
case '[':
return sendNormalCode(26);
case ']':
return sendNormalCode(27);
case ';':
return sendNormalCode(39);
case '\'':
return sendNormalCode(40);
case ',':
return sendNormalCode(51);
case '.':
return sendNormalCode(52);
case '/':
return sendNormalCode(53);
case ' ':
return sendNormalCode(57);
case '\n':
return sendNormalCode(28);
case '!':
return sendShiftCode(2);
case '@':
return sendShiftCode(3);
case '#':
return sendShiftCode(4);
case '$':
return sendShiftCode(5);
case '%':
return sendShiftCode(6);
case '^':
return sendShiftCode(7);
case '&':
return sendShiftCode(8);
case '*':
return sendShiftCode(9);
case '(':
return sendShiftCode(10);
case ')':
return sendShiftCode(11);
case '_':
return sendShiftCode(12);
case '+':
return sendShiftCode(13);
case '{':
return sendShiftCode(26);
case '}':
return sendShiftCode(27);
case ':':
return sendShiftCode(39);
case '"':
return sendShiftCode(40);
case '<':
return sendShiftCode(51);
case '>':
return sendShiftCode(52);
case '?':
return sendShiftCode(53);
case 0:
return sendCtrlAltDel();
case 27:
return sendCtrlBreak(); // escape
}
}
void setupKbd() {
pinMode(kClockPin, INPUT);
pinMode(kDataPin, INPUT);
}
void checkKbdReset() {
static State state = kReady;
static int lastclocklow = 0;
int clockp = digitalRead(kClockPin);
if (state == State::kReady && clockp == LOW) {
state = State::kMaybeReset;
lastclocklow = millis();
} else if (state == State::kMaybeReset) {
if (clockp == HIGH && millis() - lastclocklow > kResetDelay) {
delay(1);
state = State::kReady;
sendCode(0xaa);
Serial.println("Reset!");
}
}
}

5
arduino/kbd/kbd.h Normal file
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#pragma once
void sendAsciiChar(int c);
void setupKbd();
void checkKbdReset();

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@@ -1,190 +1,39 @@
// keyboard wiring diagram: https://www.minuszerodegrees.net/5150/misc/5150_keyboard_reset.jpg
#include "kbd.h"
#include "paracomm.h"
#include "parallel.h"
constexpr int kClockPin = PC6;
constexpr int kDataPin = PC4;
constexpr int kBitDelayMicros = 100;
constexpr int kCodeDelayMicros = 200;
constexpr int kKeyDelayMicros = 100;
ParaComms pc;
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(115200);
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
pinMode(kClockPin, INPUT);
pinMode(kDataPin, INPUT);
setupKbd();
setupParallel();
pc = ParaComms{
.mosi_cb =
[](uint8_t *data, uint8_t len) {
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
Serial.printf("%c", data[i]);
pc.SendByte(data[i]); // echo
if (data[i] == '\r') {
pc.SendByte('\n');
}
}
},
};
Serial.println("kbd 0.1");
}
// 0. reset
// 0.0. clock line will be held low externally for 20 ms
// when back up, keyboard needs to clock 0xAA as a response
//
// 1. operation
// 1.0. just directly clock out scan codes of pressed keys
void sendCode(int code) {
Serial.printf("sending code 0x%02x\n", code);
// preconditions: clock and data pins are INPUT
while (digitalRead(kDataPin) == LOW || digitalRead(kClockPin) == LOW) {
// wait. we're not allowed to send
}
digitalWrite(kDataPin, LOW);
digitalWrite(kClockPin, LOW);
pinMode(kClockPin, OUTPUT);
delayMicroseconds(kBitDelayMicros);
pinMode(kClockPin, INPUT);
// delayMicroseconds(kDelayMicros);
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
if ((code & (1 << i)) == 0) {
// send a 0
pinMode(kDataPin, OUTPUT);
} // else do nothing, it's already a 1
delayMicroseconds(kBitDelayMicros);
pinMode(kClockPin, OUTPUT);
delayMicroseconds(kBitDelayMicros);
pinMode(kDataPin, INPUT);
pinMode(kClockPin, INPUT);
}
delayMicroseconds(kCodeDelayMicros);
}
enum State {
kReady,
kMaybeReset,
};
constexpr int kResetDelay = 19;
State state = State::kReady;
int lastclocklow = 0;
constexpr int kLetterCodes[] = {
0x1E, // 'a'
0x30,
0x2E,
0x20,
0x12,
0x21,
0x22,
0x23,
0x17,
0x24,
0x25,
0x26,
0x32,
0x31,
0x18,
0x19,
0x10,
0x13,
0x1F,
0x14,
0x16,
0x2F,
0x11,
0x2D,
0x15,
0x2c,
};
constexpr int kNumberCodes[] = {
0x0B, // '0'
0x02,
0x03,
0x04,
0x05,
0x06,
0x07,
0x08,
0x09,
0x0A,
};
void sendNormalCode(int code) {
sendCode(code);
sendCode(code | 0x80);
}
void sendShiftCode(int code) {
sendCode(42); // left shift
sendNormalCode(code);
sendCode(42 | 0x80);
}
void sendCtrlAltDel() {
sendCode(0x1d); // ctrl
sendCode(0x38); // alt
sendCode(0x53); // del
sendCode(0x53 | 0x80);
sendCode(0x38 | 0x80);
sendCode(0x1d | 0x80);
}
void sendCtrlBreak() {
sendCode(0x1d); // ctrl
sendCode(0x46); // break
sendCode(0x46 | 0x80);
sendCode(0x1d | 0x80);
}
void sendAsciiChar(int c) {
if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') {
return sendNormalCode(kLetterCodes[c - 'a']);
} else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
return sendNormalCode(kNumberCodes[c - '0']);
} else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') {
return sendShiftCode(kLetterCodes[c - 'A']);
}
switch (c) {
case '-': return sendNormalCode(12);
case '=': return sendNormalCode(13);
case '[': return sendNormalCode(26);
case ']': return sendNormalCode(27);
case ';': return sendNormalCode(39);
case '\'': return sendNormalCode(40);
case ',': return sendNormalCode(51);
case '.': return sendNormalCode(52);
case '/': return sendNormalCode(53);
case ' ': return sendNormalCode(57);
case '\n': return sendNormalCode(28);
case '!': return sendShiftCode(2);
case '@': return sendShiftCode(3);
case '#': return sendShiftCode(4);
case '$': return sendShiftCode(5);
case '%': return sendShiftCode(6);
case '^': return sendShiftCode(7);
case '&': return sendShiftCode(8);
case '*': return sendShiftCode(9);
case '(': return sendShiftCode(10);
case ')': return sendShiftCode(11);
case '_': return sendShiftCode(12);
case '+': return sendShiftCode(13);
case '{': return sendShiftCode(26);
case '}': return sendShiftCode(27);
case ':': return sendShiftCode(39);
case '"': return sendShiftCode(40);
case '<': return sendShiftCode(51);
case '>': return sendShiftCode(52);
case '?': return sendShiftCode(53);
case 0: return sendCtrlAltDel();
case 27: return sendCtrlBreak(); // escape
}
}
void loop() {
static int led_counter = 0;
static int led = HIGH;
static int mode = 0; // 0 = keyboard, 1 = parallel
if (led_counter > 400000) {
led_counter = 0;
led = (led == HIGH) ? LOW : HIGH;
@@ -192,22 +41,27 @@ void loop() {
}
led_counter += 1;
int clockp = digitalRead(kClockPin);
if (state == State::kReady && clockp == LOW) {
state = State::kMaybeReset;
lastclocklow = millis();
} else if (state == State::kMaybeReset) {
if (clockp == HIGH && millis() - lastclocklow > kResetDelay) {
delay(1);
state = State::kReady;
sendCode(0xaa);
Serial.println("Reset!");
}
checkKbdReset();
uint8_t mosib;
if (strobeOccurred(mosib)) {
pc.FeedMosiData(mosib);
uint8_t misob = pc.NextMisoNibble();
writeParallel(misob);
}
if (Serial.available() > 0) {
int c = Serial.read();
if (c == 2) {
mode = 0;
} else if (c == 3) {
mode = 1;
} else {
if (mode == 0) {
sendAsciiChar(c);
//delayMicroseconds(kKeyDelayMicros);
} else {
pc.SendByte(c);
}
}
}
}

124
arduino/kbd/paracomm.h Normal file
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#pragma once
#include <stdint.h>
struct ParaComms {
using MessageCallback = void (*)(uint8_t *, uint8_t);
enum State {
kIdle,
kLength,
kLength2, // for miso
kData,
// kCrc, // ?
};
static constexpr uint8_t kMosiStartByte = 0x42;
static constexpr uint8_t kIdleByte = 0x00;
static constexpr uint8_t kMisoStartNibble = 0xa;
static constexpr uint8_t kMisoIdleNibble = 0x0;
MessageCallback mosi_cb = nullptr;
uint8_t *miso_buffer = nullptr;
uint8_t miso_size = 0;
uint8_t miso_nibbles_sent = 0;
State miso_state = kIdle;
// double work buffer. one being sent, one being written to
uint8_t miso_workbuf[2][256];
uint8_t miso_workbuf_idx = 0;
uint8_t miso_workbuf_size = 0;
uint8_t mosi_buffer[256];
uint8_t mosi_size = 0;
uint8_t mosi_received = 0;
State mosi_state = kIdle;
void SwapBuffers() {
miso_buffer = miso_workbuf[miso_workbuf_idx];
miso_size = miso_workbuf_size;
miso_workbuf_idx = (miso_workbuf_idx + 1) % 2;
miso_workbuf_size = 0;
}
int SendByte(uint8_t b) {
if (miso_workbuf_size == 256) {
return -1; // sorry we're full
}
uint8_t *buff = miso_workbuf[miso_workbuf_idx];
buff[miso_workbuf_size] = b;
miso_workbuf_size += 1;
return 0;
}
void FeedMosiData(uint8_t b) {
switch (mosi_state) {
case kIdle:
// check start byte
if (b == kMosiStartByte) {
mosi_state = kLength;
} else if (b == kIdleByte) {
// just twiddling our thumb drives
} else {
// Serial.printf("sp: %02x\n", b);
}
break;
case kLength:
// assert(b > 0)
mosi_size = b;
mosi_received = 0;
mosi_state = kData;
break;
case kData:
mosi_buffer[mosi_received] = b;
mosi_received += 1;
if (mosi_received == mosi_size) {
if (mosi_cb != nullptr) {
mosi_cb(mosi_buffer, mosi_received);
}
mosi_state = kIdle;
}
case kLength2: // error
return;
}
}
uint8_t NextMisoNibble() {
switch (miso_state) {
case kIdle:
if (miso_size == 0) {
SwapBuffers();
if (miso_size == 0) {
return kMisoIdleNibble;
}
}
miso_state = kLength;
return kMisoStartNibble;
case kLength:
// assert(miso_size > 0);
miso_state = kLength2;
return miso_size & 0xf;
case kLength2:
miso_nibbles_sent = 0;
miso_state = kData;
return miso_size >> 4;
case kData: {
uint8_t b = miso_buffer[miso_nibbles_sent / 2];
if (miso_nibbles_sent % 2 == 0) {
b &= 0xf;
} else {
b >>= 4;
}
miso_nibbles_sent += 1;
if (miso_nibbles_sent == miso_size * 2) {
SwapBuffers();
miso_state = kIdle;
}
return b;
}
}
__builtin_unreachable();
}
};

95
arduino/kbd/parallel.cc Normal file
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#include "parallel.h"
#include <stdint.h>
#include "Arduino.h"
namespace {
constexpr int kParallelDataPins[] = {
D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2,
};
constexpr int kParallelBusyPin = D14;
constexpr int kParallelAckPin = D15;
constexpr int kParallelPaperoutPin = D12;
constexpr int kParallelSelectPin = D11;
constexpr int kParallelNibblePins[] = {
kParallelSelectPin,
kParallelPaperoutPin,
kParallelAckPin,
kParallelBusyPin,
};
constexpr bool kParallelNibbleInverted[] = {
false,
false,
false,
true,
};
constexpr int kParallelStrobePin = D10;
volatile bool strobe_pending = false;
volatile uint8_t strobe_byte = 0;
void strobeIsr() {
strobe_pending = true;
strobe_byte = readParallel();
}
} // namespace
uint8_t readParallel() {
uint8_t out = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
if (digitalReadFast(digitalPinToPinName(kParallelDataPins[i])) ==
HIGH) {
out |= (1 << i);
}
}
if (digitalReadFast(digitalPinToPinName(kParallelStrobePin)) == HIGH) {
out |= (1 << 8);
}
return out;
}
#define BIT(x, n) ((x & (1 << n)) ? HIGH : LOW)
void writeParallel(uint8_t nibble) {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
int lvl = BIT(nibble, i);
if (kParallelNibbleInverted[i]) {
lvl = lvl == HIGH ? LOW : HIGH;
}
digitalWriteFast(digitalPinToPinName(kParallelNibblePins[i]), lvl);
}
}
bool strobeOccurred(uint8_t &byte) {
bool pending;
{
noInterrupts();
pending = strobe_pending;
byte = strobe_byte;
strobe_pending = false;
interrupts();
}
return pending;
}
void setupParallel() {
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(kParallelDataPins) / sizeof(int); i++) {
pinMode(kParallelDataPins[i], INPUT);
}
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(kParallelNibblePins) / sizeof(int); i++) {
pinMode(kParallelNibblePins[i], OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(kParallelNibblePins[i], HIGH);
}
pinMode(kParallelStrobePin, INPUT);
attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(kParallelStrobePin), strobeIsr,
FALLING);
}

14
arduino/kbd/parallel.h Normal file
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#pragma once
#include <stdint.h>
/** Returns the byte present on D0~D7 */
uint8_t readParallel();
/** Writes a nibble on status pins */
void writeParallel(uint8_t nibble);
void setupParallel();
/** Returns true and sets the byte if a strobe was received */
bool strobeOccurred(uint8_t &byte);